Wie man schnell und einfach das Einmaleins lernt

Vervielfältigen ist eine mathematische Operation, die als Summe identischer Terme dargestellt werden kann.

Allgemeines Prinzip der Multiplikation

So befasst sich beispielsweise die ein ⋅ b (gelesen als „a mal b“) bedeutet, dass wir die Terme summieren a, deren Anzahl gleich ist b. Das Ergebnis einer Multiplikation nennt man Produkt.

Beispiele:

• 2 ⋅ 6 = 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 12

  (sechs mal zwei)

• 5 ⋅ 4 = 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 20

  (vier mal fünf)

• 3 ⋅ 8 = 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 24

  (acht mal drei)

Wie wir aus der Permutation der Stellen der Faktoren wissen, ändert sich das Produkt nicht. Für die obigen Beispiele stellt sich heraus:

• 6 ⋅ 2 = 6 + 6 = 12

  (zwei mal sechs)

• 4 ⋅ 5 = 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 20

  (fünf mal vier)

• 8 ⋅ 3 = 8 + 8 + 8 = 24

  (drei mal acht)

Praktische Vorteile

Dank der Multiplikation können Sie die Zählung der Gesamtzahl von Artikeln des gleichen Typs usw. erheblich reduzieren. Wenn wir beispielsweise 7 Pakete haben, von denen jedes 5 Stifte enthält, dann ergibt sich die Gesamtzahl der Stifte, indem Sie diese multiplizieren zwei Nummern:

5 ⋅ 7 = 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 35

(fünf Stifte siebenmal)

Mit 0 multiplizieren

Das Ergebnis ist immer Null.

• 0 ⋅ 0 = 0
• 1 ⋅ 0 = 0 ⋅ 1 = 0
• 2 ⋅ 0 = 0 ⋅ 2 = 0 + 0 = 0
• 3 ⋅ 0 = 0 ⋅ 3 = 0 + 0 + 0 = 0
• 4 ⋅ 0 = 0 ⋅ 4 = 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = 0
• 5 ⋅ 0 = 0 ⋅ 5 = 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = 0
• 6 ⋅ 0 = 0 ⋅ 6 = 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = 0
• 7 ⋅ 0 = 0 ⋅ 7 = 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = 0
• 8 ⋅ 0 = 0 ⋅ 8 = 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = 0
• 9 ⋅ 0 = 0 ⋅ 9 = 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = 0
• 10 ⋅ 0 = 0 ⋅ 10 = 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = 0

Mit 1 multiplizieren

Das Produkt ist gleich einem anderen Multiplikator als eins.

• 1 ⋅ 1 = 1
• 2 ⋅ 1 = 2 ⋅ 1 = 2
• 3 ⋅ 1 = 3 ⋅ 1 = 3
• 4 ⋅ 1 = 4 ⋅ 1 = 4
• 5 ⋅ 1 = 5 ⋅ 1 = 5
• 6 ⋅ 1 = 6 ⋅ 1 = 6
• 7 ⋅ 1 = 7 ⋅ 1 = 7
• 8 ⋅ 1 = 8 ⋅ 1 = 8
• 9 ⋅ 1 = 9 ⋅ 1 = 9
• 10 ⋅ 1 = 10 ⋅ 1 = 10

Mit 2 multiplizieren

Addiere den ersten Faktor zu sich selbst.

• 1 ⋅ 2 = 1 + 1 = 2
• 2 ⋅ 2 = 2 + 2 = 4
• 3 ⋅ 2 = 3 + 3 = 6
• 4 ⋅ 2 = 4 + 4 = 8
• 5 ⋅ 2 = 5 + 5 = 10
• 6 ⋅ 2 = 6 + 6 = 12
• 7 ⋅ 2 = 7 + 7 = 14
• 8 ⋅ 2 = 8 + 8 = 16
• 9 ⋅ 2 = 9 + 9 = 18
• 10 ⋅ 2 = 10 + 10 = 20

Mit 3 multiplizieren

Wir multiplizieren den ersten Faktor mit 2 und addieren ihn dann zum Ergebnis.

• 1 ⋅ 3 = (1 ⋅ 2) + 1 = 2 + 1 = 3
• 2 ⋅ 3 = (2 ⋅ 2) + 2 = 4 + 2 = 6
• 3 ⋅ 3 = (3 ⋅ 2) + 3 = 6 + 3 = 9
• 4 ⋅ 3 = (4 ⋅ 2) + 4 = 8 + 4 = 12
• 5 ⋅ 3 = (5 ⋅ 2) + 5 = 10 + 5 = 15
• 6 ⋅ 3 = (6 ⋅ 2) + 6 = 12 + 6 = 18
• 7 ⋅ 3 = (7 ⋅ 2) + 7 = 14 + 7 = 21
• 8 ⋅ 3 = (8 ⋅ 2) + 8 = 16 + 8 = 24
• 9 ⋅ 3 = (9 ⋅ 2) + 9 = 18 + 9 = 27
• 10 ⋅ 3 = (10 ⋅ 2) + 10 = 20 + 10 = 30

Mit 4 multiplizieren

Wir addieren den gleichen Betrag zum verdoppelten ersten Faktor.

• 1 ⋅ 4 = (1 ⋅ 2) + (1 ⋅ 2) = 2 + 2 = 4
• 2 ⋅ 4 = (2 ⋅ 2) + (2 ⋅ 2) = 4 + 4 = 8
• 3 ⋅ 4 = (3 ⋅ 2) + (3 ⋅ 2) = 6 + 6 = 12
• 4 ⋅ 4 = (4 ⋅ 2) + (4 ⋅ 2) = 8 + 8 = 16
• 5 ⋅ 4 = (5 ⋅ 2) + (5 ⋅ 2) = 10 + 10 = 20
• 6 ⋅ 4 = (6 ⋅ 2) + (6 ⋅ 2) = 12 + 12 = 24
• 7 ⋅ 4 = (7 ⋅ 2) + (7 ⋅ 2) = 14 + 14 = 28
• 8 ⋅ 4 = (8 ⋅ 2) + (8 ⋅ 2) = 16 + 16 = 32
• 9 ⋅ 4 = (9 ⋅ 2) + (9 ⋅ 2) = 18 + 18 = 36
• 10 ⋅ 4 = (10 ⋅ 2) + (10 ⋅ 2) = 20 + 20 = 40

Mit 5 multiplizieren

Wenn der andere Multiplikator eine gerade Zahl ist, endet das Ergebnis auf Null, wenn es ungerade ist, auf die Zahl 5.

• 1 ⋅ 5 = 5 ⋅ 1 = 5
• 2 ⋅ 5 = 5 ⋅ 2 = 5 + 5 = 10
• 3 ⋅ 5 = 5 ⋅ 3 = (5 ⋅ 2) + 5 = 15
• 4 ⋅ 5 = 5 ⋅ 4 = (5 ⋅ 2) + (5 ⋅ 2) = 20
• 5 ⋅ 5 = 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 25
• 6 ⋅ 5 = 5 ⋅ 6 = (5 ⋅ 5) + 5 = 30
• 7 ⋅ 5 = 5 ⋅ 7 = 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 35
• 8 ⋅ 5 = 5 ⋅ 8 = (5 ⋅ 4) + (5 ⋅ 4) = 40
• 9 ⋅ 5 = 5 ⋅ 9 = (5 ⋅ 10) – 5 = 45
• 10 ⋅ 5 = 5 ⋅ 10 = 50

Mit 6 multiplizieren

Wir multiplizieren den ersten Faktor mit 5 und addieren dann das Ergebnis dazu.

• 1 ⋅ 6 = (1 ⋅ 5) + 1 = 5 + 1 = 6
• 2 ⋅ 6 = (2 ⋅ 5) + 2 = 10 + 2 = 12
• 3 ⋅ 6 = (3 ⋅ 5) + 3 = 15 + 3 = 18
• 4 ⋅ 6 = (4 ⋅ 5) + 4 = 20 + 4 = 24
• 5 ⋅ 6 = (5 ⋅ 5) + 5 = 25 + 5 = 30
• 6 ⋅ 6 = (6 ⋅ 5) + 6 = 30 + 6 = 36
• 7 ⋅ 6 = (7 ⋅ 5) + 7 = 35 + 7 = 42
• 8 ⋅ 6 = (8 ⋅ 5) + 8 = 40 + 8 = 48
• 9 ⋅ 6 = (9 ⋅ 5) + 9 = 45 + 9 = 54
• 10 ⋅ 6 = (10 ⋅ 5) + 10 = 50 + 10 = 60

Mit 7 multiplizieren

Es gibt keinen vereinfachten Algorithmus zum Multiplizieren mit 7, daher verwenden wir Methoden, die auf andere Faktoren anwendbar sind.

• 1 ⋅ 7 = 7 ⋅ 1 = 7
• 2 ⋅ 7 = 7 ⋅ 2 = 7 + 7 = 14
• 3 ⋅ 7 = 7 ⋅ 3 = (7 ⋅ 2) + 7 = 21
• 4 ⋅ 7 = 7 ⋅ 4 = (7 ⋅ 2) + (7 ⋅ 2) = 28
• 5 ⋅ 7 = 7 ⋅ 5 = 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 = 35
• 6 ⋅ 7 = 7 ⋅ 6 = (7 ⋅ 5) + 7 = 42
• 7 ⋅ 7 = 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 = 49
• 8 ⋅ 7 = 7 ⋅ 8 = (7 ⋅ 4) + (7 ⋅ 4) = 56
• 9 ⋅ 7 = 7 ⋅ 9 = (7 ⋅ 10) – 7 = 63
• 10 ⋅ 7 = 70

Mit 8 multiplizieren

Wir multiplizieren den ersten Faktor mit 4 und addieren dann den gleichen Betrag zum Ergebnis.

• 1 ⋅ 8 = (1 ⋅ 4) + (1 ⋅ 4) = 8
• 2 ⋅ 8 = (2 ⋅ 4) + (2 ⋅ 4) = 16
• 3 ⋅ 8 = (3 ⋅ 4) + (3 ⋅ 4) = 24
• 4 ⋅ 8 = (4 ⋅ 4) + (4 ⋅ 4) = 32
• 5 ⋅ 8 = (5 ⋅ 4) + (5 ⋅ 4) = 40
• 6 ⋅ 8 = (6 ⋅ 4) + (6 ⋅ 4) = 48
• 7 ⋅ 8 = (7 ⋅ 4) + (7 ⋅ 4) = 56
• 8 ⋅ 8 = (8 ⋅ 4) + (8 ⋅ 4) = 64
• 9 ⋅ 8 = (9 ⋅ 4) + (9 ⋅ 4) = 72
• 10 ⋅ 8 = (10 ⋅ 4) + (10 ⋅ 4) = 80

Mit 9 multiplizieren

Wir multiplizieren den ersten Faktor mit 10 und subtrahieren ihn dann von dem erhaltenen Ergebnis.

• 1 ⋅ 9 = (1 ⋅ 10) – 1 = 10 – 1 = 9
• 2 ⋅ 9 = (2 ⋅ 10) – 2 = 20 – 2 = 18
• 3 ⋅ 9 = (3 ⋅ 10) – 3 = 30 – 3 = 27
• 4 ⋅ 9 = (4 ⋅ 10) – 4 = 40 – 4 = 36
• 5 ⋅ 9 = (5 ⋅ 10) – 5 = 50 – 5 = 45
• 6 ⋅ 9 = (6 ⋅ 10) – 6 = 60 – 6 = 54
• 7 ⋅ 9 = (7 ⋅ 10) – 7 = 70 – 7 = 63
• 8 ⋅ 9 = (8 ⋅ 10) – 8 = 80 – 8 = 72
• 9 ⋅ 9 = (9 ⋅ 10) – 9 = 90 – 9 = 81
• 10 ⋅ 9 = (10 ⋅ 10) – 10 = 100 – 10 = 90

Mit 10 multiplizieren

Fügen Sie am Ende des anderen Multiplikators Null hinzu.

• 1 ⋅ 10 = 10 ⋅ 1 = 10
• 2 ⋅ 10 = 10 ⋅ 2 = 20
• 3 ⋅ 10 = 10 ⋅ 3 = 30
• 4 ⋅ 10 = 10 ⋅ 4 = 40
• 5 ⋅ 10 = 10 ⋅ 5 = 50
• 6 ⋅ 10 = 10 ⋅ 6 = 60
• 7 ⋅ 10 = 10 ⋅ 7 = 70
• 8 ⋅ 10 = 10 ⋅ 8 = 80
• 9 ⋅ 10 = 10 ⋅ 9 = 90
• 10 ⋅ 10 = 10 ⋅ 10 = 100